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Engaged Boards Lead to Better Information Security Practices

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Board of Directors

According to a new study from Protiviti, engagement by a company’s board of directors is a critical factor in best managing information security risks.

Overall, engagement and understanding of IT risks at the board level has increased, yet one in five boards still have a low level of comprehension. As the report states, this suggests “their organizations are not doing enough to manage these critical risks or engage the board of directors in a regular and meaningful way.” Further, while large companies do exhibit stronger board-level engagement, it is not a dramatic distinction.

Overall engagement data

Of those companies that have implemented all core security policies—an acceptable use policy, record retention and destruction policy, written information security policy (WISP), data encryption policy, and social media policy—78% have boards with a high or medium level of engagement on information security. Even rudimentary security measures appear to vary with board engagement. Three out of four organizations with engaged boards have a password policy, while just 46% of those with medium or low levels of engagement have this basic provision in place.

IT Security Measures

The study did find two particularly alarming trends, both in companies with and without risk-aware boards. There was a significant increase this year in the number of organizations without a formal, documented crisis response plan to address data breach or cyberattack. Further, a surprising number of companies still do not have core information security policies. “One in three companies do not have a written information security policy (WISP). More than 40% lack a data encryption policy. One in four do not have acceptable use or record retention/destruction policies. These are critical gaps in data governance and management, and ones that carry considerable legal implications,” the report states. “On the other hand, organizations with all of these key data policies in place have far more robust IT security environments and capabilities.”

 

The Evolving Cyberrisk Landscape and the Insurance Industry

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Cyberrisk

Rapidly developing computer technologies and the unrelenting evolution of cyberrisks present one of the biggest challenges to the (re)insurance sector today. Liabilities from cyberattacks and threats to the data security of cloud computing and social media have become key emerging risks for carriers. The unprecedented rise in cyberattacks, in addition to the threat cyberrisk poses to global supply chains, has seen the cyberinsurance market grow significantly in recent years.

Client demand for cyber coverage has been growing, on average, 30% annually in the United States over the past several years, according to Marsh. While demand varies by industry, the one constant has been that more clients are investigating and analyzing existing traditional insurance coverage and whether they need standalone cyberrisk insurance coverage.

Because cyberrisk is associated with the use of technology and the handling of all data and information, the threat transcends a company’s information technology (IT) department as well as what is confined to the internet. To help overcome some misconceptions that still exist for cyberrisks, some clarity around business exposures is needed to understand the scope of the threat.

Cyberattacks pose a danger to global supply chains

Cyberrisks are not isolated and are usually connected to other risks. Many companies that are exposed to cyberrisks are, for example, also exposed in turn to risks to their supply chain. Due to technological innovation and advances, many parts of a company’s or industry’s supply chain have become interconnected and automated.

Most commercial entities today are exposed to these risks as a growing number of businesses become more interconnected globally. A single cyberattack has the potential to put an entire company’s supply chain at risk. Therefore, cybersecurity and supply chain risk management must be considered in conjunction with one another.

There are a range of risks when it comes to online/computer security. Cyberattacks can result in first party liability, including business interruption, computer security breaches, privacy breaches of confidential information and even third-party liability losses. Technology failures have begun to outpace adverse weather, fire and social unrest as the major force in disrupting a corporate supply chain, according to a recent Guy Carpenter report.

Everyone is at risk – individuals, companies and governments

In 2014, cyber issues have become more of a concern for companies that once felt they had relatively little exposure. In fact, cyberattacks were ranked fifth among the top five global risks in terms of likelihood in this year’s World Economic Forum’s annual Global Risks 2014 report.

Governments consider cyberattacks to be among the most serious economic and national security challenges now facing them. And through the ubiquitous use of the internet, mobile devices and social media, companies of all sizes and in all nations are now finding themselves at risk of falling prey to the full range of cyber perils. Such attacks can run from hackers shutting down a company’s network, gaining access to customers’ and employees’ personal and financial information, to the theft of business trade secrets.

More data laws and regulations in place

High-profile data breaches and other cybersecurity incidents have become more commonplace with increasingly onerous outcomes. Target, one of the largest retailers in the United States, suffered a massive cyberbreach late last year which involved the theft of approximately 40 million credit and debit card account details as well as personal data of nearly 70 million customers. The breach reportedly occurred when hackers used the retailer’s heating and cooling vendor’s system to navigate their way into the retailer’s records. The resulting publicity cost the company a significant amount in lost sales, loss of reputation, class action lawsuits, and may have contributed to the ouster of the chief executive officer. And most recently, a U.S.-based online auction site announced that hackers accessed the company’s 145 million user accounts and urged customers to change their passwords.

More recently, home improvement chain Home Depot became the victim of another credit card data breach and the FBI is reportedly investigating cyberattacks at some of the largest banks in the United States.

As cyber incidents affect both consumers and institutions, governments everywhere are putting more data privacy laws and regulations in place in regard to disclosure and other related safeguards. In the United States, there are laws that require the protection of both personal financial and health information. Last year, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, which oversees publicly-traded companies, adopted a directive requiring certain regulated financial institutions and creditors to adopt and implement identity theft programs in light of the new cyber threats.

Risk mitigation and insurance

With governments considering and enacting new laws in response to the rising number of cyber events, companies, especially those in the United States, are taking a closer look at cyberrisk mitigation, including insurance coverage of breaches and attacks.

Media reports of serious data breaches have prompted more companies to buy cyber coverage of $100 million or more compared to the prior year, Marsh said in its March 2014 report Benchmarking Trends: Interest in Cyber Insurance Continues to Climb.

Traditional insurance products often do not cover risks that cover damages resulting from an incident like a computer breach.

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As such, specific cyber liability insurance may be necessary.

The very process of applying for cyberrisk insurance is a constructive exercise for raising awareness and identifying potential vulnerabilities.

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By engaging in that process, a company can perform a review of information security protocols with respect to access control, physical security, incident response and business continuity planning.

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As a result, businesses and other institutions are finding that cyberinsurance products have been broadened to include coverage that now addresses nearly all aspects of technology-based risk faced by today’s companies. Carriers have been adapting their policies to include a variety of loss prevention and risk mitigation tools, ranging from turnkey breach response teams to pre-emptive risk analytics.

As cyberthreats become more severe, more frequent, and continue to change along with technological advances, the (re)insurance industry will continue to stay one step ahead by creating new forms of cyberrisk coverage to meet the needs of their clients.

33% of Employees Fail to Meet Minimum Security Standards for BYOD

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Bring Your Own Devices

By 2017, half of employers will require employees to provide their own mobile devices for work use, Gartner reports. There are many benefits to BYOD policies, from greater productivity on devices users are more comfortable with to lower corporate costs when businesses do not have to purchase mobile equipment or service plans. But securing these devices poses tremendous risk that may not be worth the reward.

According to data security firm Bitdefender, 33% of U.S. employees who use their own devices for work do not meet minimum security standards for protecting company data. In fact, 40% do not even activate the most basic layer of protection: activating lock-screen features. Further, while the majority of workers could access their employer’s secure network connection, only half do so.

Bitdefender reports that there are 5 core security functionalities a strong BYOD policy should check:

  • Data encryption, for data residing on the employee’s device and for data transiting different channels.
  • Application access control, using port knocking, whitelists and intrusion prevention systems, for enterprise apps communicating with company servers.
  • Mobile malware detection and removal, to ensure clean devices enter the company and to keep them malware-free throughout their use.

  • Real-time app and website scanning, to make sure the device does not get infected by malicious apps or websites when the employee wants to download/access them.

  • App permission management, to allow employees to see exactly what types of information does an application require permission to access and share with the application vendor.

Check out more of the study’s findings below:

Bitdefender BYOD infographic

Home Depot Confirms Massive Data Breach

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Home Depot Data Breach

On Monday, Home Depot confirmed that a breach of its payment data systems may have exposed customer card data across the United States and Canada. The breach appears to have begun in April, allowing hackers to steal an untold amount of shopper information including credit card numbers.

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The home improvement giant disclosed on Sept. 2 that it was investigating reports of “unusual activity” and, a week later, determined that any customers who used a card in the U.S. or Canada is at risk, though the breach does not appear to impact shoppers online or at retail stores in Mexico. In an official statement, the company assured that no one would be held responsible for fraudulent charges and offered free identity protection services, including credit monitoring, to anyone who has shopped at one of its locations since April.

As with the massive Target data breach, the Home Depot news was first broken by cybersecurity journalist Brian Krebs. The data went up for sale on rescator. So, the same underground store that sold credit card information from the Target and P.

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F. Chang’s breaches, and may have been stolen by the same group of hackers. Krebs reported, “In what can only be interpreted as intended retribution for U.S. and European sanctions against Russia for its aggressive actions in Ukraine, this crime shop has named its newest batch of cards ‘American Sanctions.’ Stolen cards issued by European banks that were used in compromised U.S. store locations are being sold under a new batch of cards labeled ‘European Sanctions.'”

Given the five-month duration, this breach may be many times larger than the Target attack, which exposed 40 million credit and debit cards and the personal data of 70 million customers in three weeks. The Target breach led to the resignation of its CEO and cost the company almost $150 million in the second quarter alone, according to the New York Times. In fact, the toll may reach ever higher. “I don’t see how they’re getting out of this for under a billion, over time,” John Kindervag, the vice president and principal analyst with Forrester Research, told the Times, adding, “$150 million in a quarter seems almost like a bargain.” Beyond the company itself, Javelin Strategy and Research reported at the time that total damage to banks and retailers could surpass billion, and consumers could be liable for more than billion in uncovered losses and other costs.

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One of the most promising ways to increase point-of-sale security is through the adaptation of EMV chip technology, as discussed in the March issue of Risk Management. In Europe, 81% of cards have EMV chips, and countries that have adopted the technology saw sharp declines in credit card fraud. In England, for example, the amount of fraud per transaction has dropped 57% since 2002, while it has risen almost 70% in the United States over the same period, according to consulting firm Celent. As part of its breach response, Home Depot announced plans to escalate adoption of EMV, installing “chip and PIN” checkout terminals throughout its U.S. stores by the end of the year. Target made a similar move in April, saying that it will issue its branded REDcard credit, debit and co-branded credit cards with MasterCard chip technology beginning next year.