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The Many Paths to a Career in Risk

Over the years, I’ve had no shortage of people ask me how they can get my job as a senior risk leader. They see the possibilities and get a strong sense that risk management just might be a pretty interesting career track. Oftentimes these folks are sitting in some insurance related sub-function within the broader industry, anything from claims to loss control to underwriting and brokerage. Interestingly, many people who have had this experience (who are essentially developing specialists in these sub-functions) have frequently found that skill transferability from these specialized areas, to their “profession,” was often fraught with hurdles.

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I have seen a parallel mind-set throughout much of my career in various industries in which I sought alternate employment. Most commonly it was in the manufacturing or health care sectors that insisted that any leader in their ranks, most especially a risk manager, needed to come from within their industry. They were the true believers and were typically inflexible about this minimum requirement.  They believed their industries were just too specialized and unique for a risk manager from another industry to succeed. They would argue that they didn’t want to invest in allowing the development of the full skill-sets or that their world could or should be learned by those coming from other industries, especially for a mid- to senior-level manager.

Needless to say, I disagreed vehemently with this view and with others in the insurance industry holding these inflexible positions, often to their detriment. Happily, in the last five years, some more progressive leaders in certain industries like health care are beginning to revise these positions in favor of seeing the value in having the new eyes, ears and perspectives that can only come from those experienced in industries other than their own. A good trend indeed.

As a practical matter, I have to mention that my most recent career move into a more strategic, brand enhancing role with a third party administrator has flummoxed a few peers and friends. These folks saw me as moving in the wrong direction, when in fact I was taking a substantive leap forward into long term strategic contributions that have, in fact, been the perfect segue to where I’d wanted to move at this point in my risk career. Coincidentally, my forte since 2001 and the future of the discipline, enterprise risk management, calls for a very specific move in a strategic direction that aligns with the long term interests of enterprises and their commitment to mission accomplishment.

So is there a preferred best strategy to preparing for a career in risk management? The truth is that while many of us developed the skills and experience that have been most valuable by rotating through the various insurance industry disciplines, there are now myriad ways to find your path into risk management and make it a career. From finance to legal to audit and especially spending time in operations, all these experiences pave part of the way toward success. They are a portion of what risk leaders need most to succeed in this era of a broader more diverse practice of risk management, call it enterprise risk management, strategic risk management, international risk management or just plain risk management, as I prefer.

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In fact, a successful risk manager is one who needs a broad exposure to most core functions common to almost all entities of any complexity. At the end of the day, it’s hard to go wrong in preparing for a risk career, no matter where you spend time getting knowledge about the many sources of exposure that must be “risk managed.”

The New Era of Regulatory Enforcement — Comply or Go Directly to Jail

[Each year, the best Canadian risk managers gather to discuss the state of the discipline at the RIMS Canada Conference. The 2011 incarnation is taking place this week in Ottawa so I will be reporting from here for the next few days.]

“The possibility of doing jail time is real from the board room to the warehouse floor,” said Jay Cassidy yesterday at the 2011 RIMS Canada Conference, summing up the new anti-corporate fraud stance taken by U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder in recent years. “It’s not going to be a slap on the wrist. It’s gong to be very personal. And [they] will put you in jail.”

This was the key takeaway from a Monday afternoon panel discussion at the conference, which was focusing on regulatory expansion and led by Cassidy, senior vice president at Marsh Canada. Things have changed and rules created by Dodd-Frank and the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act will have wide-ranging implications — and penalties — for any offending companies.

Another trend is that regulatory agencies are increasingly working together and employing new tools they haven’t used in the past. The SEC and Department of Justice are reaching out to the FBI, for example, for expertise and resources. They have begun wiretapping when it is deemed necessary. In all respects, the regulatory bodies are widening the scope of what they can use to investigate.

One aspect of the reform receiving a lot of coverage is new whistleblower incentives. Now, anyone who reports a company for rule-breaking may be eligible to pocket up to 30% of the sum that officials deem was ill-gotten. Even if the offense is only valued at $1 million, that’s a nice little bonus for the whistleblower. Imagine if it is $1 billion.

Given this, it’s not hard to see why more people might become tipsters for the government. And according to the panelists, the Department of Justice is now expecting to receive upwards of 30,000 tips per year.

This may not lead to more major fraud rulings, however.

“Whisteblowers have always been principles-based more than looking for some sort of monetary pay-off,” said Ashley Beales, vice president at Berkley Professional Liability. “It’s usually that they just can’t keep quiet anymore.”

The money will likely lead to more tips and perhaps the discovery of more minor violations, he said, but on the highest level, Beales doesn’t expect a new wave of huge violations to start flooding out. At least not to enough of a degree that would significantly alter the D&O market, something that is generally affected by major claims. “Significant fraud always bubbles to the top [regardless of incentives],” he said. “This volume will be more noise than substantive.”

But even if it is merely noise, that doesn’t mean companies are off the hook. “Even if it’s not a legitimate claim and the SEC comes knocking on the door … you don’t tell these people ‘Go away,'” said Laura Markovich, partner at Sedgwick. “They won’t. They’ll come back with a subpoena.”

And just dealing with false claims can run up a big bill quickly. “Lawyers are expensive,” said Cassidy, noting that this is even truer for Wall Street firms. “And New York lawyers are … well … they’re very expensive.”

In regards to increased Foreign Corrupt Practices Act enforcement, the panel said that there will be two major aspects for companies to consider: (1) anti-bribery provisions and (2) the accounting part, which will mandate the need for better internal controls.

The first factor may be especially important for Canadian companies. If they have operations in the United States (or in some cases, even if they don’t) they will be at risk of regulator action. And Cassidy cautioned that this may be difficult to navigate given the fact that Canada is increasingly becoming a resource-based economy. He mentioned that in other locations where this has been the case (Cassidy listed parts of Africa, Russia and Kazakhstan), corruption and bribes have been more typical than, say, in economies in which retail or services drive the economy. “Historically, business has been done a little differently than what we might find acceptable [in Canada],” said Cassidy.

Canada is certainly not Nigeria. The business climate and legal culture would never allow for pervasive bribery and other illegal behavior. So for those in the energy and resources sector, the obvious solution is to remain above board in all operations.

But I do image that many companies will find that, when shipping oil and coal throughout the world, staying true to your ethics — and even within the code of the law — can sometimes be easier said than done.

[Correction: this post originally listed Ashley Beales as working for Canada Berkley. It has been update to reflect the fact that the company is called Berkley Professional Liability. Apologies.]