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Discussing the Value of Risk Management at the RIMS Risk Summit

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Late last week, 15 of the world’s top risk managers gathered at RIMS Risk Summit 2013 steps from Wall Street at Zurich’s Manhattan offices. Paul Walker, Ph.D., CPA, from the Center for Excellence in ERM at St. John’s University’s Tobin College of Business kicked off the morning by asking “How does your boss know you’re doing ERM well?”

Even at the highest level, the challenge to communicate and demonstrate the value of risk still can impede the success of a risk management program. While those in the room with complex ERM programs seemed to have buy-in from the C-suite, others still in the process of implementing the discipline struggle “stating their case.”

Later in the day, the conversation turned to reputation risk. A debate circled around that value proposition. Attendees agreed that any risk identification or assessment exercise that failed to include reputation risk would be deemed incomplete by leadership.

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But, the question remained: “Is reputation risk a risk that needs to be managed independently or is an organization’s good reputation a by-product of managing its other risks well?”

While no real consensus was reached, Carol Fox, RIMS director of strategic and enterprise risk practice, acknowledged that discussions like that are the reason the Summit is held and the debate would be something that RIMS explores in greater detail.

At the end of the day, the Summit covered everything from best practices in identifying, assessing, reporting and monitoring risks, to steps for identifying risk appetite and risk tolerance.

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So, that brings us back to the question, “how does your boss know that you’re doing ERM well?

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”

While it was agreed that benchmarking, case studies, data analytics and other quantitative measures are fundamental to getting ERM off the ground and proving its value, unfortunately if those options fail, sometimes risk practitioners need to wait for a good crisis or a new opportunity to showcase the extent of their ERM program and how it adds quantitative value to the organization.

Crowdsourcing Asteroid Detection

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Back in February, space rocks made headlines in dramatic fashion when Russian motorists filmed a meteorite exploding over Chelyabinsk. Coincidentally, this came on the same day that a larger asteroid came within a mere 17,000 miles from the Earth, becoming the closest asteroid ever observed. This activity got the attention of government officials who began to look into ways to eliminate these threats from space.

This is, of course, easier said than done. While 95% of near-Earth objects one kilometer in diameter or more – the kind that could end civilization if they collided with the planet – have been detected and determined to not pose a threat any time soon, they same cannot be said for the smaller city-killers. There are simply too many of them. According to NASA officials, it will take much more time and money to get a similar handle on every space threat in our celestial neighborhood. And in the meantime, who knows what could be headed our way.

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So as a result, NASA and the White House have decided to bring in reinforcements by asking the public to help in the search. The project will be part of the Obama Administration’s “Grand Challenges” in which the government enlists public/private partnerships, sometimes with financial incentives, to help reach certain ambitious goals. Other Grand Challenges include projects that center around research into the human brain, solar energy and electric vehicles. The asteroid project will also complement NASA’s Asteroid Redirect Mission, which intends to redirect an asteroid into a stable lunar orbit so that astronauts can visit and study it.

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The idea to basically crowdsource asteroid detection is reminiscent of the programs like the X Prize, which have offered financial incentives to the public to do things like create private spacecraft or a fuel-efficient car that gets 100 miles per gallon. The fact that some of these challenges have been successful despite their initially daunting premises could bode well for our future in the cosmos.

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After all, we’ve all seen the movies and I’m pretty sure we all will agree that the apocalypse is better left on screen.

TRIA Advocates Testify Before NYC Council

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On Monday, various industry groups, including RIMS, provided comments to the New York City Council Committee on State and Federal Legislation. The hearing was held to discuss proposed NYC Council resolution 1806-2013 which calls on the federal government to enact a long-term extension of the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act (TRIA).

Congresswoman Carolyn Maloney (D-NY) kicked off the hearing by strongly expressing her continued support for the program. Rep. Maloney is a co-sponsor of legislation that would extend the TRIA program for an additional five years beyond December 31, 2014. She urged councilmembers to take an active role in reaching out to other local governments throughout the country to build support for an extension. Rep. Maloney made it clear that TRIA is not a program for New York City but rather a program that provides stability to the entire nation’s economy.

Rep. Maloney was followed by a panel consisting of the Alliance for Downtown New York, the Real Estate Board of NY, the Partnership for New York City, the Building Owners and Managers Association of Greater New York, and the Council of New York Cooperatives and Condominiums. All five groups expressed strong support for the TRIA program and the potential devastation to New York City’s economy were the program allowed to expire. Andrew Breslaw, vice president of communications and marketing for the Alliance for Downtown New York, argued that billions, possibly trillions, of dollars worth of commercial loans would be in technical default if TRIA is not renewed beyond 2014.

The remaining groups who testified also did so in favor of a long-term extension. These groups included Willis North America, the Council of Independent Agents & Brokers, AIG, and Marsh. Comments submitted on behalf of RIMS reinforced many of the arguments made by the other advocates. “Terrorism is one of those risks that must be considered in today’s world and insurance coverage for acts of terrorism is a necessary component of mitigating losses from a potential event,” wrote RIMS Board and NYC Chapter Member Lori Seidenberg. “Availability and affordability of this coverage continues to be vital to commercial insurance consumers, but perhaps even more importantly, to the economy as a whole.”

The committee did not take a vote on the resolution during the hearing, but it was clear that it will be supported. While New York City’s support of TRIA will come as no surprise, and may not have a huge impact on the Republican-led U.S. House of Representatives, the hearing did serve to bring added attention to the issue at a time when the House appears to have placed it on the backburner. The issue deserves more urgency from the House as the longer the program’s fate remains in flux, the more uncertainty creeps into the market.

Recent Anti-Pollution Activism Underscores Importance of Community Relations

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Since the beginning of May, anti-pollution activism has been directed against several industrial projects in Chengdu, Kunming and Shanghai, China. The level of opposition has prompted street demonstrations and varying levels of response by local authorities.

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While foreign companies have not been involved in the latest examples of environmental activism, past incidents have targeted foreign companies. The latest incidents underscore the importance of early and effective two-way communication with local communities before undertaking a new industrial project.

In May, residents opposing two major industrial projects in Chengdu and Kunming stepped up their anti-pollution activism by holding protests on May 4 and May 16. Authorities in the city were also concerned that protests could occur during the opening of the China-South Asia Expo, which took place in the city June 6-10.

On May 4, media reports indicated that hundreds of protesters converged at Nan Ping Plaza in Kunming’s city center to protest plans to construct a paraxylene (PX) plant at an industrial zone in Anning city, approximately 45 kilometers southwest of Kunming.

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Also on May 4, local authorities in Chengdu reportedly increased security in the city’s downtown Tianfu Plaza to prevent anti-pollution activists from holding protests over a major refinery and petrochemical facility local authorities have been planning to construct in nearby Pengzhou. According to the South China Morning Post, the increased police presence effectively deterred protesters from holding a rally.

Meanwhile, in Shanghai’s Songjiang district, local residents also held a demonstration outside the main district government office on May 1 in opposition to a previously planned battery factory at a local industrial park. The company behind the project has since cancelled its plans, ending local opposition.

Growing Environmental Activism

These latest anti-pollution protests highlight an ongoing trend of local communities exposing potential pollution issues to environmental authorities. The scale of pollution in China, especially in major industrial areas, is a huge challenge for China’s leadership.

State media reported this week that Ministry of Environmental Protection statistics from last year revealed that 58% of underground water at the ministry’s monitoring sites around the country had been categorized as polluted or extremely polluted. The statistics also revealed that 298 million rural residents do not have access to safe drinking water. Activism and calls for greater efforts to clean up decades of pollution caused by China’s rapid industrial growth have mounted in recent months, accompanied by China’s new leadership transition.

Environmental authorities have tried to respond, but the extent of the problem will likely require years to make substantial progress in cleaning up the environment. In May, environmental authorities reported that they punished 15 factories for air and water pollution violations in the first quarter of this year. Given the scale of the problem, this number appears relatively low.

The Role of Social Media and Street Protests

The increased awareness and activism, especially in urban and suburban areas, combined with the limits of enforcement, have given rise to local communities resorting to social media to expose concerns about pollution. In some cases, local opposition has escalated to street protests if local governments are perceived as slow to respond.

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In May, local media reported that environmental authorities would investigate suspected water pollution at the Dabai Bay Industrial Zone in Shanghai’s Pudong New District. The posting of pictures online that showed blue sewage water discharged into a local river reportedly prompted local authorities to take action.

Recent protests, including some that have turned violent, have prompted local governments to suspend or cancel certain projects. The latest protests, especially against a major battery factory planned for construction in Shanghai’s Songjiang Industrial Park, have highlighted concerns about the transparency of the environmental impact assessment (EIA) process and the input of local communities. According to media reports, local authorities have decided that the planned production site of the battery factory would not engage in chemical processes which can produce pollution. Instead, the project originally planned to focus on lithium cell production and battery assembly.

Although local protests have resulted in the suspension of some major projects, the importance of local GDP growth and the development of industry present challenges to local governments. The importance of the battery factory to the development of Songjiang’s auto industry prompted the local government to initially try to strike a balance between economic development and pollution concerns. According to a local resident, authorities placed notices within at least one residential community in the district to inform them of the government’s latest decision about the project. This could be an indication that the local government understood the need for greater communication with the public. It may have also been an attempt to counter a relatively well-organized online opposition campaign created by residents concerned about their health and the potential for declining property values.

Proactive Risk Mitigation

Although foreign companies typically operate at a high standard of environmental protection, the communications and community involvement aspects of an industrial project will likely become increasingly important. As residential communities and industrial areas expand and encroach on each other in suburban areas of major cities, local residents’ environmental concerns will continue to rise.

Foreign companies can encourage local governments and industrial parks to ensure the transparency of the EIA process is upheld on their project and that extensive two-way dialogue is conducted with local residents. Foreign companies should also emphasize clean technologies and other processes used to treat waste. Using similar projects in other parts of the world as examples of the high standard of their operations can also be an effective component of a campaign. Management should also be prepared for some residents to demand compensation during the community relations process.

Lastly, companies should develop contingency plans in the event that an accident occurs after a project has started operation. Plans to address this type of contingency should include increased security measures as part of a response due to the potential for strong local reactions, including protests directed against the project.