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Hurricane Laura Leaves Destruction—and Pandemic-Related Recovery Challenges

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Hurricane Laura made landfall in the United States at 1 a.m. on Thursday, hitting Louisiana and Texas as a Category 4 storm with maximum sustained winds of 150 miles per hour and what National Hurricane Center officials called “unsurvivable” storm surge. In such ferocious wind, thousands of homes and businesses were damaged or completely destroyed, hundreds of thousands were left without power and, as of Thursday evening, at least four people had been killed.

While forecasters initially expected the storm to lose intensity before reaching land, it rapidly intensified this week, becoming one of only 10 hurricanes to make landfall in the continental U.S. with winds over 150 mph since modern recordkeeping began in 1851. After windspeeds nearly doubled on Wednesday, officials in Texas and Louisiana ordered several hundred thousand people in the storm’s path to evacuate, but many were either unable to leave or chose not to. Increasingly severe storms in the area in recent years may have left some feeling prepared or resigned to ride out the storm.

Others faced difficulties related to the pandemic. As Risk Management recently reported, many experts have expressed concern that the COVID-19 pandemic could significantly complicate hurricane season this year, increasing the risk to individuals and businesses and making disaster recovery more difficult. Ahead of Laura, NPR reported that emergency shelters had a hard time safely accommodating evacuees without overcrowding and had to direct many to hotels. Pandemic-related job losses may have ruled that option out for some. Mayor Nic Hunter of Lake Charles, which was particularly devastated in the storm, told NPR that he “suspects the coronavirus pandemic and economic hardship are leading many people to take pause.” The outlet also reported that experts are concerned that mass evacuations from the hurricane could lead to new outbreaks in the region.

Now, the recovery process will undoubtedly be impacted by the pandemic as well.

“The global health crisis is going to have a major impact on recovery from any major storm, including Hurricane Laura—the stress of natural disaster becomes more intense when it unfolds against the backdrop of a highly contagious viral outbreak,” John Dickson, president and CEO of flood insurance provider Aon Edge, told Risk Management in the wake of the storm on Thursday.

For example, he said, “If you think back to hurricanes like Katrina (which hit about 15 years ago almost to date) and create a mental image, you see the community banding together to respond in close physical proximity. Similar images emerged from last year’s prolonged flooding along the Missouri River. In those and other events, assembly lines formed to fill and deploy sandbags—a task impossible to do six feet apart.”

Dickson noted that technology increasingly used by insurers (also known as risktech) would be more important than ever in responding to natural disasters this year as emergency response must be balanced with safe social distancing practices.

“Smart phones and basic technology can help homeowners achieve the recommended preparation steps and stay safe during a storm,” he advised. “For example, taking pictures and videos with date and time stamps could minimize the need for on-site inspections and physical proximity to claims adjusters.”

For insurance professionals, he noted, “The insurance industry is thinking through very tactical steps to ensure policies and procedures are in place to protect those who are on the frontlines when a hurricane hits. Drone technology offers the opportunity to take photos remotely, and computer models help better quantify risk and manage work forces.”

For more insight and actionable guidance on risk management for hurricanes and other natural catastrophes, including disaster preparedness, recovery and insurance, check out the following pieces from Risk Management:

Before Disaster Strikes: How to Prepare for Natural Catastrophes
How does an organization ensure it is prepared to minimize losses and recover quickly following a natural disaster? Long before a disaster strikes and property damage occurs, the best response plans begin with careful negotiation and placement of well-defined property coverage. Read more

Key Considerations for Disaster Planning
Meticulous disaster response planning has never been more critical. When developing a plan, it is important to involve key stakeholders and review every step that your business, your network and your vendors must take if a natural catastrophe impedes operations. A strong plan should address these key questions. Read more

Weathering Hurricane Season During the Pandemic
Pandemic-related social distancing guidelines and supply shortages could make it harder for business owners to protect their properties should a storm happen, making it even more important to have an action plan in place. These key considerations can help businesses owners mitigate potential storm risks amid COVID-19. Read more

Understanding Post-Storm Business Interruption Coverage
Whether in the impacted area or beyond, businesses suffering from supply chain disruptions after hurricanes and other storms should look to their property insurance policies for contingent business interruption coverage. Read more

Natural Disaster Planning During COVID-19
As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, government authorities and disaster-response entities are over-extended and may not be able to provide assistance as readily this year. It is more important than ever that companies make backup plans and assess the potential impact of shortfalls in their disaster response protocols. Read more

The Human Element of Disaster Recovery
Crisis and disaster recovery plans offer a critical advantage when catastrophe strikes, helping mitigate the impact on facilities, information systems and equipment. Just as important, however, is considering how a disaster can affect the company’s workforce. Read more

Ensuring Insurance Recovery After a Hurricane Loss
These seven tips can help policyholders resolve disaster insurance claims in the wake of hurricanes and other natural catastrophes. Read more

Driver Safety Tips for Fourth of July Trips and Post-COVID Return to Work Commutes

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Historically, the Fourth of July holiday weekend has presented some of the most dangerous days for drivers in the United States. Indeed, it may be the country’s riskiest holiday of the year. This year, while many may be cancelling their holiday plans and staying home, others may be taking to the roads after months of little travel amid COVID-19 lockdowns.

Looking beyond the long weekend, many drivers are also getting back on the roads as businesses across the country return to work after COVID-19 closures and quarantines, either resuming their old commutes or driving for work.

“Stay-at-home orders resulted in less vehicle traffic but, incidentally, speeding and reckless driving increased dramatically as drivers took advantage of the empty streets,” said Kevin Quinn, vice president of claims and customer experience at Mercury Insurance. “This dangerous behavior puts lives at risk and can result in unnecessary collisions and fatalities. It’s especially dangerous as cities, counties and states reopen and more drivers begin returning to the roads. Drivers need to check themselves and be aware and respectful of the increasing number of vehicles surrounding them.”

He added, “Many drivers are also out of practice—aside from maybe some trips to the grocery store, their longer commute driving skills may be a bit rusty. It’s important to review the rules of the road before setting out on your trip to ensure your safety and that of others.”

As you and your employees get back behind the wheel, Quinn offered these 10 tips to help everyone stay safe over the long weekend and during the return-to-work period for businesses nationwide:

  1. Get reacquainted with your vehicle and driver settings. If your vehicle stayed in park for the majority of stay-at-home orders, it may require some maintenance. Check the oil level and tire pressure to ensure they haven’t decreased before driving. Make sure your seat and mirrors are still positioned optimally for an unobstructed view of the road ahead and remove as many blind spots as possible.
  2. Have a collision avoidance plan. Plan ahead for potential driving emergencies—such as a dog running into the street, another vehicle running a stop sign or a sudden obstruction on the highway—and create a strategy for how to react. Having a collision avoidance plan helps to make you a safer driver and protects motorists around you.
  3. Plan travel time accordingly. If you need to be at the office or an appointment by a specific time, be sure to allow yourself enough time to arrive at your destination without rushing. Account for potential delays like traffic congestion and don’t wait until the last minute to leave your home. Speeding and weaving in and out of traffic lanes to get where you need to be is dangerous and inconsiderate of other drivers.
  4. Remove distractions. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, most crashes are the result of distracted drivers. Distractions such as using or manipulating your phone, noisy or overly active passengers, eating and multi-tasking will all result in unsafe driving conditions. Reduce or remove these types of distractions while on the road so you can focus on keeping yourself and your passengers safe while driving.
  5. Be aware of other drivers. Driving safety isn’t just about your behavior, but also depends on those around you. Don’t assume they’re being attentive—they may be distracted and not see the stop sign or traffic light ahead of them. Use caution when entering intersections, changing lanes, turning and entering and exiting parking spots.
  6. Remain cognizant of speed. Speed limits are set for a reason, so don’t break them. Driving under the speed limit can be dangerous for others on the road. If your car won’t accelerate to the posted limit, turn on your flashers and safely make your way to the side of the road for service.
  7. Maintain proper following distance. Rear-ending makes up a substantial portion of total injuries sustained in collisions. Following too closely behind a car hinders your ability to come to a full stop on time and it also limits your sight-lines. The rule of thumb is putting at least three seconds of space in between your vehicle and the car in front of you. Use a fixed object—such as a pole or overpass—and count the seconds between when the car in front of you passes it and when you pass it to determine the appropriate following distance.
  8. Stay actively engaged in the task of driving. Most modern vehicles are equipped with advanced driver assistance systems—like lane departure warning and active emergency braking technology—to help drivers avoid collisions, but this technology isn’t a substitute for proper and safe driving practices. Keep your eyes focused on the road ahead, and check mirrors, over your shoulder and use your signal when turning or changing lanes.
  9. Remember to yield to pedestrians. Walkers and joggers may have grown accustomed to fewer cars on the streets, thus, may forget to look both ways before crossing.

    They also might not be paying the utmost attention to their surroundings, particularly if they’re looking at their phones, but pedestrians do have the right of way, even if jaywalking.
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    Use caution when driving on roads with high foot traffic.
  10. Obey posted traffic signs. Many cities have been repairing roads during the stay-at-home period, when fewer people were driving. Keep an eye out for any temporary traffic signs surrounding transit construction.

Black Lives Matter: Taking Action on Diversity and Inclusion

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As protesters across the United States call out systemic racism and police violence against Black people, and Pride Month honoring the LGBTQ+ community begins, diversity and inclusion issues are—and should be—drawing headlines and dominating conversations around the world.

RIMS CEO Mary Roth and 2020 President Laura Langone released a statement Friday saying:

“To the Black members of our community, we cannot fully appreciate how pained you must be by not only this most recent act—but by all acts that reflect bigotry and hatred in our nations’ communities. What we can do is accept the responsibility to ensure that RIMS community reflects something different. Let us be clear: RIMS does not tolerate any form of racism or discrimination in our global community. And we will always look for ways to improve.”

The editors of Risk Management and the Risk Management Monitor echo this message and stand with our Black colleagues, RIMS members and the Black community at large.

As we all look to support, advocate, learn and do better, we have compiled a list of resources to help, including industry advocacy groups for Black risk and insurance professionals, as well as resources for strengthening your organization’s policies, procedures and diversity and inclusion programs. You can also review selections from our previous coverage of diversity and inclusion below:

Industry Advocacy Groups and Research

National African American Insurance Association (NAAIA)

International Association of Black Actuaries

REPORT: The Journey of African American Insurance Professionals, from Marsh and NAAIA

For public sector risk professionals:

The Government Alliance on Race and Equity (GARE)

National Forum for Black Public Administrators

From ICMA, the association for professional city and county managers: WEBINAR: Sharpening the Focus on Social Equity to Make Strategic Budget Decisions

ARTICLE: Silence Is Complicity: Can White America Demonstrate that Black Lives Matter?

Diversity and Inclusion Resources

Global Diversity and Inclusion Benchmarks, Standards for Organizations Around the World, from the Centre for Global Inclusion

The Diversity & Inclusion Revolution, Eight Powerful Truths, from Deloitte

Corporate Equality Index, from the Human Rights Campaign

Previous Risk Management Coverage on Bias, Diversity and Inclusion

Beyond Pride: Building Strong Diversity and Inclusion Programs

Pale, Stale & Male: Does Board Diversity Matter?

The Benefits of Diversity & Inclusion Initiatives

Getting Serious About ESG Risks

Why Cultivating and Maintaining a Diverse Workforce Is Important

Activists Against Insurers

Using Captives to Insure Against Black Swan Events

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Until recently, a global pandemic was, in most people’s minds, little more than a compelling plot to blockbuster films and apocalyptic science-fiction stories. A disease drastically changing the way of life and business operations for people across the globe and inciting wide-spread fear, quarantines and stay-at-home regulations was unthinkable for most beyond the “prepper” community. Now, though, after weeks of lives overturned, hindsight is 20/20 (pun intended). Many business owners and executive teams now agree the threat was obvious. A black swan.

As popularized by finance professor and Wall Street trader Nassim Nicholas Taleb in relation to financial markets, the term “black swan” refers to a rare or low-probability event that deviates from what is normally expected but poses critical threat. The 2008 financial crisis, the 2001 Fukushima nuclear disaster, the 9/11 terrorist attack and the dot-com crash of 2000 are all considered black swan events. We can never know with specificity which particular black swan will come, but we can know with certainty that one eventually will. And, due to their severe consequences, we should therefore consider how to make sure our lives and businesses will be robust against them. 

Insurance for Black Swans

Third-party commercial insurance policies often include business interruption coverage. Business interruption insurance protects against losses sustained due to periods of suspended operation. With COVID-19, many businesses considered non-essential have been forced to close and numerous businesses that are still hanging on have experienced challenges to their revenue streams as a result of coronavirus restrictions. This is where this form of insurance comes into play. However, pandemics are not the only black swans that business interruption insurance would cover. It could also cover losses from unexpected events like natural disasters, cybersecurity attacks, terrorist attacks or fallout from climate change. Also, even if a business’s insurance policy does not cover pandemic disease through business interruption, it is possible that other policies might be triggered due to the chain reaction caused by the black swan, such as:

  • Supply Chain Interruption
  • Loss of Key Customer
  • Subcontractor Default
  • Property (e.g., loss of access to business premises due to quarantines)
  • Catastrophic Risks

However, third-party commercial insurance policies are not always enough. These policies are often riddled with exclusions that prevent coverage during the time it is most needed and can lead to a claim being denied. Commercial insurance for an asymmetrical threat like a black swan event can also be extremely costly or difficult to obtain. And in many cases, coverage is simply unavailable. For example, during the avian flu epidemic, many U.S. insurers added an exclusion to their policies, “Exclusion for Loss Due to Virus or Bacteria” (ISO form COP 01 40 07 06). Similarly, the insurance industry responded to SARS by adding exclusions to preclude coverage for losses triggered by business interruption.

Businesses need to review their insurance policies to identify gaps in coverage. Some may want to consider filling these gaps and strengthening their coverage by supplementing the third-party commercial insurance by pooling their risks in a captive insurance company.

Taking Black Swans Captive

A captive insurance company is a licensed insurance company that is usually owned by a related business or its owner. That company can then insure a wide variety of the related business’s risks—risks likely to be implicated in any black swan event such as supply chain interruption, loss of a key supplier or customer, subcontractor default, bankruptcy of certain counterparties, or losses from governmental actions like forced business suspension or quarantines.

Via reinsurance arrangements, the captive insurance company can then pool its risks with the risks of many unrelated business, usually including those in completely different industries. Some of those businesses and industries will no doubt be the beneficiaries of most any given black swan event.  

For example, some physician practices that specialize in elective surgeries have seen their revenues cut by half overnight due to states prohibiting such procedures in order to preserve medical equipment for use by those fighting COVID-19 on the front lines. But other medical practices have seen their revenues skyrocket as COVID-19 has spiked demand for their services. By risk pooling via a captive insurance company, the claims of those practices that are suffering will therefore be paid in part by those that are prospering. This loss-sharing will allow the former to stay in business and continue covering their costs (such as rent and salaries), thereby making the entire economy more robust. And next time around, the proverbial shoes may just be on the other feet. In some cases captive insurance companies may also receive very favorable tax treatment that also provides additional liquidity during times of crisis. 

Preparing for the Next Black Swan Event

The coronavirus has heightened awareness of the need for both risk management and strategic planning to prevent future crises from negatively impacting company financials and viability. Sadly, not all businesses will remain healthy and viable through this pandemic, and it is too late for those impacted by the coronavirus to insure those particular losses. But business owners and executives can take immediate steps now to prepare for the next black swan, whatever it may be and whenever it may come.